Mitral Valve

• The valve has anterior and posterior leaflets, and each leaflet typically consists of three discrete segments or scallops.¹
• During systole, the papillary muscles contract, increasing tension on the chordae tendineae and preventing the valve leaflets from everting into the left atrium.¹
• The mitral valve and subvalvular apparatus include the annulus, valve leaflets, chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, and left ventricular wall.¹
• The mitral valve (MV) consists of four components:
  • mitral leaflets (anterior and posterior)
  • mitral annulus
  • subvalvular structures (including both chordae tendinae and papillary muscles)
  • LV myocardium
  • ⚠️ If any of these 4 is functioning abnormally → MR

Figure source

Figure source: ¹

Footnotes

1. Verma S, Mesana TG. Mitral-valve repair for mitral-valve prolapse. N Engl J Med. 2009 Dec 3;361(23):2261-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJMct0806111. PMID: 19955526. ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴